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Click the  icon to view the hierarchy. |
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shàng'áng (<spanning and projecting structural elements>, structural elements, ... Components (hierarchy name)) |
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Note: Meaning literally to prop and rotate (Kroll 2015 453, 479), the term tiao‘wo, as most scholars believe, is a noun that refers to a component in the timber frame structure, used in the interior of a building with an open-frame roof structure (cheshang mingzao 徹上明造; i.e. without a ceiling). Tiao'wo appears in the Yingzao fashi (1103) four times (YZFS 2009, 1.8a, 4.6a, 6.9b, 18.7a). There are two types of tiao'wo. (1) As a part of a component, tiao'wo refers to the upward end of a xia'ang in a bujian puzuo. This kind of tiaowo is also called angwei tiaowo 昂尾挑斡 by some scholars. Sometimes it can also refer to the upward end of a shuatou. (2) As a separate component, tiaowo refers to an oblique element without pointed shape, a particular form of xia'ang. Some scholars believe this is the angting tiaowo mentioned in Yingzao fashi (Zhu 2018).
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| Terms: |
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| shàng'áng (preferred,C,U,English-P,D,U,U)
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| shàng'áng (Chinese (transliterated Pinyin),D,U)
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| shang-ang (C,V,Chinese (transliterated Wade-Giles),UF,U)
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| 上昂 (C,V,Chinese (traditional),UF,U)
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| shang'ang (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Pinyin without tones),UF,U)
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Facet/Hierarchy Code: V.PJ |
Hierarchical Position:
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Objects Facet |
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.... Components (hierarchy name) (G) |
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........ components (objects parts) (G) |
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............ <components by specific context> (G) |
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................ architectural elements (G) |
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.................... <structural elements and components for structural elements> (G) |
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........................ structural elements (G) |
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............................ <spanning and projecting structural elements> (G) |
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................................ shàng'áng (G,U) |
Additional Notes: |
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| Chinese (traditional) ..... 上昂是中國傳統建築大木作的構件之一。作為建築術語在文獻中首見于《通典》（801）寫作“上枊”，此後主要出現于《營造法式》（1103）（李 2009, 1.8b, 4.6a-4.7b），作為與下昂相對應的另一種飛昂類型（李 2009，4.6a）。上昂的形態為組織在鬥栱中的斜向構件，昂頭外出，昂身斜收向裡。昂腳應立於下跳栱心之上。上昂的作用是可使鋪作出跳短，高度大，並能夠提高平棊的位置。用於室内可解決斗栱兩側藻井高低不一的問題。上昂的使用位置，目前一般認爲用於外簷鋪作裡跳、殿身槽內鋪作或平坐鋪作。 |
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