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ID: 300028749 Page Link: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300028749			Record Type: concept

watermarks (<marks by location or context>, marks (identifying markings), ... Visual and Verbal Communication (hierarchy name))

Note: Faint designs or devices incorporated into paper as it is made and appearing as translucent or shaded areas visual only through transmitted light. They are often used to give the name of the manufacturer and the date of the paper's manufacture; symbols, seals, and initials are also common. Watermarks have also been used to detect and prevent counterfeiting and forgery. Watermarks were first introduced in Bologna, Italy in 1282.

Terms:

watermarks (preferred,C,U,English-P,D,U,PN)
watermark (C,U,English,AD,U,SN)
water marks (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
water mark (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
water-marks (C,U,English,UF,U,PN)
water-mark (C,U,English,UF,U,SN)
filigrains (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
filigrain (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
marks in paper (C,U,LC,English,UF,U,N)
浮水印 (C,U,Chinese (traditional)-P,D,U,U)
水印 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
fú shuǐ yìn (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Hanyu Pinyin)-P,UF,U,U)
fu shui yin (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Pinyin without tones)-P,UF,U,U)
fu shui yin (Chinese (transliterated Wade-Giles),UF,U,U)
watermerken (C,U,Dutch-P,D,U,PN)
watermerk (C,U,Dutch,AD,U,SN)
filigranes (C,U,French-P,D,U,PN)
filigrane (C,U,French,AD,U,SN)	............	Italian plural/French singular
filigrane (Italian-P,D,U,PN)
Wasserzeichen (C,U,German-P,D,U,B)
filigrana (C,U,Spanish,AD,U,SN)
filigrana (Italian,UF,U,SN)
filigranas (C,U,Spanish-P,D,U,PN)
marca al agua (C,U,Spanish,AD,U,SN)
marcas al agua (C,U,Spanish,UF,U,PN)
marca de agua (C,U,Spanish,UF,U,SN)
vattenstämpel (C,U,Swedish,AD,U,SN)
papermarks (H,U,English,UF,U,N)	............	term used prior to ca. 1790

Facet/Hierarchy Code: V.VW

Hierarchical Position:

Objects Facet

.... Visual and Verbal Communication (hierarchy name) (G)

........ Information Forms (hierarchy name) (G)

............ information forms (objects) (G)

................ document genres (G)

.................... <documents by function> (G)

........................ <identifying markings and symbols> (G)

............................ marks (identifying markings) (G)

................................ <marks by location or context> (G)

.................................... watermarks (G)

Additional Notes:

Chinese (traditional) ..... 印製時於紙張中的半透明或陰影區圖案，透過光線才能看見。常用來提供製造業者名稱，以及該紙的製造日期；符號、圖章，和起首字母也很常見。浮水印亦曾用來查驗並避免仿造和偽造。浮水印於西元1282年，義大利的波隆那首度問世。

Dutch ..... Merken die in papier worden verwerkt wanneer dit wordt gemaakt, en die worden weergegeven als doorschijnende of schaduwgebieden die alleen zichtbaar zijn als er licht doorheen valt. In een watermerk worden vaak de naam van de fabrikant en de productiedatum van het papier verwerkt. Symbolen, zegels en initialen komen ook vaak voor. Watermerken worden ook gebruikt om vervalsingen en namaak op te sporen en te voorkomen. Ze werden voor het eerst gebruikt in 1282 in Bologna.

Spanish ..... Marcas incorporadas en el papel al momento de fabricarlo y que aparecen como áreas transparentes; a menudo usadas para dar el nombre del fabricante y la fecha de la fabricación del papel.

Related concepts:

distinguished from ....	marks (identifying markings)
..................................	(<identifying markings and symbols>, <documents by function>, ... Visual and Verbal Communication (hierarchy name)) [300028744]

involved with ....	watermarks description
........................	(categories of information, <information and information related concepts>, ... Associated Concepts (hierarchy name)) [300435421]

required for ....	watermark registries
......................	(registers (lists), <lists by form or function>, ... Visual and Verbal Communication (hierarchy name)) [300419322]

Sources and Contributors:

浮水印............	[AS-Academia Sinica Preferred]
...........	國家教育研究院－雙語詞彙、學術名詞暨辭書資訊網 28 July, 2014 September 4, 2012
...........	藝術名詞與技法辭典 494

水印............	[AS-Academia Sinica]
...........	國家教育研究院－雙語詞彙、學術名詞暨辭書資訊網 September 4, 2012
...........	大英百科全書線上繁體中文版 September 4, 2012
...........	智慧藏百科全書網 September 4, 2012
...........	朗文當代大辭典 1971

filigrain............	[VP]
....................	Getty Vocabulary Program rules

filigrains............	[VP]
.......................	CDMARC Subjects: LCSH (1988-)

filigrana............	[CDBP-SNPC, VP]
....................	Cassell's Italian Dictionary (1983) 200
....................	IFLA Glossary for Art Librarians (1984)
....................	Lapedes, Diccionario de Términos Científicos y Técnicos (1981) 5:2824
....................	Tesauro de Arte & Arquitectura (TAA) [online] (2000-)
....................	Valls i Subirà, Paper and Watermarks in Catalonia (1970)

filigranas............	[VP]
.......................	Oxford Spanish Dictionary (2003) 1914
.......................	Valls i Subirà, Paper and Watermarks in Catalonia (1970)

filigrane............	[Biblio Arc USI Preferred, VP]
....................	Cassell's French Dictionary (1981) 347
....................	IFLA Glossary for Art Librarians (1984)
....................	Labarre, Dictionary and Encyclopaedia of Paper (1952) 452
....................	Soggettario Sbt https://www.sbt.ti.ch/soggettario/index.jsp?termine=9380

filigranes............	[VP]
.......................	Briquet, Les Filigranes (1907, 1968) title
.......................	Hunter, Papermaking: History of an Ancient Craft (1947) 262
.......................	Labarre, Dictionary and Encyclopaedia of Paper (1952) 452

fu shui yin............	[AS-Academia Sinica]
.......................	AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)

fú shuǐ yìn............	[AS-Academia Sinica]
.......................	AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)

marca al agua............	[CDBP-SNPC Preferred]
..........................	Vives, Guía para la identificacion de grabados (2003) 300

marca de agua............	[CDBP-SNPC, VP]
..........................	IFLA Glossary for Art Librarians (1984)
..........................	Martín and Tapiz, DEAIG (1981)
..........................	Martín, Diccionario Enciclopédico de las Artes e Industrias Gráficas (1981)
..........................	Tesauro de Arte & Arquitectura (TAA) [online] (2000-)

marcas al agua............	[CDBP-SNPC, VP]
.............................	Comité, Plural del término en singular

marks in paper............	[VP]
.............................	CDMARC Subjects: LCSH (1988-)

papermarks............	[VP]
.......................	Grove Art Online (2003-2008) accessed 28 July 2004

vattenstämpel............	[VP]
..........................	IFLA Glossary for Art Librarians (1984)

Wasserzeichen............	[VP]
..........................	Hunter, Papermaking: History of an Ancient Craft (1947) 262
..........................	IFLA Glossary for Art Librarians (1984)
..........................	Labarre, Dictionary and Encyclopaedia of Paper (1952) 425
..........................	van Daalen and Bockholdt, Der Utrechter Lasso, Tijdschr. Verngng. Neder. Muziek (1980) 87

water mark............	[VP]
.......................	Getty Vocabulary Program rules

water-mark............	[VP]
.......................	Getty Vocabulary Program rules

watermark............	[VP]
....................	Getty Vocabulary Program rules
....................	IFLA Glossary for Art Librarians (1984)

watermarks............	[CDBP-SNPC, GCI Preferred, VP Preferred]
.......................	AATA database (2002-) 130455 checked 26 January 2012
.......................	CDMARC Subjects: LCSH (1988-)
.......................	Evans et al., ICA Handbook Series (1984)
.......................	Harrod's Librarians' Glossary (1984)
.......................	Hunter, Papermaking: History of an Ancient Craft (1947) 258
.......................	Jewett, Glossary for Recording the Condition of an Artifact (1980s)
.......................	Labarre, Dictionary and Encyclopaedia of Paper (1952) 328
.......................	RILA, Subject Headings (1975-1990)
.......................	Tesauro de Arte & Arquitectura (TAA) [online] (2000-)
.......................	Webster's Third New International Dictionary (1961)
.......................	Zinkham and Parker, Descriptive Terms for Graphic Materials (1986)

water marks............	[VP]
.......................	Zinkham and Parker, Descriptive Terms for Graphic Materials (1986)

water-marks............	[VP]
.......................	CDMARC Subjects: LCSH (1988-)
.......................	Labarre, Dictionary and Encyclopaedia of Paper (1952) 328
.......................	Oxford English Dictionary Online (2002-) accessed 1 November 2007
.......................	Worcester Art Museum Library, List of subject headings, unpub. (1976)

watermerk............	[RKD, AAT-Ned, VP]
....................	AAT-Ned (1994-)
....................	IFLA Glossary for Art Librarians (1984)
....................	Labarre, Dictionary and Encyclopaedia of Paper (1952) 443
....................	Van Dale groot woordenboek (1994)

watermerken............	[RKD, AAT-Ned Preferred, VP]
.......................	AAT-Ned (1994-)
.......................	Koninklijke Bibliotheek (2004-)
.......................	Van Dale groot woordenboek (1994)


Subject: .....	[AS-Academia Sinica, Biblio Arc USI, CDBP-SNPC, GCI, RKD, AAT-Ned, VP]
............	AATA database (2002-) 130455 checked 26 January 2012
............	Biblio Arc USI database
............	Briquet, Les Filigranes (1907, 1968)
............	Hunter, Papermaking: History of an Ancient Craft (1947)
............	Labarre, Dictionary and Encyclopaedia of Paper (1952)
............	Valls i Subirà, Paper and Watermarks in Catalonia (1970)
............	Van Dale groot woordenboek (1994)


Note:
English	..........	[VP]
	..........	Encyclopedia Britannica Online (2002-) accessed 28 July 2004
	..........	Grove Art Online (2003-2008) accessed 28 July 2004
	..........	IFLA Glossary for Art Librarians (1984)
Chinese (traditional)	..........	[AS-Academia Sinica]
	..........	AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
Dutch	..........	[RKD, AAT-Ned]
	..........	AAT-Ned (1994-)
	..........	Van Dale groot woordenboek (1994)
Spanish	..........	[CDBP-SNPC]
	..........	TAA database (2000-)

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