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ID: 300264417
Page Link: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300264417

 

Record Type: concept
Carmelite (Christian orders, religious orders, ... Organizations (hierarchy name))

 

Note: A Roman Catholic religious order that originated in the 12th century from hermits on Mount Carmel who sought the way of life of the prophet Elijah. When the Crusades failed, the Carmelites migrated to Europe where they flourished as mendicant friars. Solitude, abstinence, and prayer are strictly practiced. In 1452 the friars were joined by Carmelite nuns (Sisters of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mt. Carmel), the Carmelite Second Order. The Carmelites do not have a founding figure as do many orders, but they consider Elijah and Mary, both central to Carmelite consciousness, as their founders. Important reform figures are St. Teresa of Avila, reformer of the female order in 1562, and St. John of the Cross, who similarly reformed the male order later in the century. The reformed branch became its own order in 1593 and is referred to as the Discalced Carmelites.
 
Terms:
Carmelite (preferred,C,U,English-P,D,U,N)
Carmelites (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
Carmelite Order (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
Calced Carmelites (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
White Friars (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
Order of the Brothers of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mount Carmel (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
Brothers of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mt. Carmel (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
OCarm (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
Order of Our Lady of Mount Carmel (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
加爾默羅會 (C,U,Chinese (traditional)-P,D,U,U)
聖衣會 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
jiā ěr mò luó huì (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Hanyu Pinyin)-P,UF,U,U)
jia er mo luo hui (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Pinyin without tones)-P,UF,U,U)
chia erh mo lo hui (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Wade-Giles)-P,UF,U,U)
karmeliet (C,U,Dutch-P,D,U,U)
karmelieten (C,U,Dutch,AD,U,U)
Fratres Ordinis Beatissimæ Dei Genitricus semperque Virginis Mariæ de Monte Carmeli (C,U,Latin-P,UF,U,N)
Fratres Ordinis Beatissimæ Virginis Mariæ de Monte Carmeli (C,U,Latin,UF,U,N)
Carmelitas (C,U,Spanish-P,D,U,U)
Carmelita (C,U,Spanish,AD,U,U)
orden de Nuestra Señora del Mo (C,U,Spanish,UF,U,U)
Eremitæ Sanctæ Mariæ de Monte Carmeli (H,U,Latin,UF,U,N)
Fratres eremitæ de Monte Carmeli (H,U,Latin,UF,U,N)
Friars of Blessed Mary of Mount Carmel (H,U,English,UF,U,N)

Facet/Hierarchy Code:  B.BM

Hierarchical Position:

Hierarchy of Agents Facet
Agents Facet
Hierarchy of Organizations (hierarchy name)
.... Organizations (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of organizations (groups)
........ organizations (groups) (G)
Hierarchy of religious organizations
............ religious organizations (G)
Hierarchy of religious orders
................ religious orders (G)
Hierarchy of Christian orders
.................... Christian orders (G)
Hierarchy of Carmelite
........................ Carmelite (G)

Additional Notes:
Chinese (traditional) ..... 始於十二世紀的羅馬天主教宗教體系,由在迦密山(Mount Carmel)上尋求先知以利亞(Elijah)生活模式的隱修士所創建。十字軍失敗後,加爾默羅信徒移居至歐洲,並變成乞食修士而興起。嚴格實踐隱居、節制飲食及祈禱。西元1452年時,加爾默羅修女(迦密山聖母瑪利亞的姊妹)加入這些修士,成為加爾默羅的第二分支。加爾默羅會並不像其他修會有明確的創立者,但他們認為支撐加爾默羅中心思想的以利亞跟瑪利亞是創立者。重要的改革者包括聖女大德蘭(St. Teresa of Avila, 西元1562年女性分支的改革者)及聖十字若望(St. John of the Cross,同樣在十六世紀稍晚改革男性分支)。改革後的分支於西元1593年自成一派,稱作「赤足加爾默羅會(Discalced Carmelites)」。 
Dutch ..... Een rooms-katholieke kloosterorde die in de 12de eeuw is ontstaan toen kluizenaars op de berg Karmel de levenswijze nastreefden van de profeet Elia. Toen de kruistochten waren mislukt trokken de karmelieten naar Europa, waar zij als bedelorde een grote bloei kenden. Afzondering, onthouding en gebed werden strikt nageleefd. In 1452 werden de broeders karmelieten aangevuld met nonnen (zusters van de Heilige Maagd Maria van de berg Karmel) van de tweede karmelietenorde. De karmelieten hebben geen stichter zoals de meeste orden, maar zij beschouwen Elia en Maria, beiden centrale figuren in het karmelieter bewustzijn, als hun oprichters. Belangrijke vernieuwers zijn Sint Theresia van Avila, die in 1562 de vrouwenorde hervormde, en de Heilige Johannes van het Kruis, die later in de eeuw op soortgelijke wijze de mannenorde hervormde. De hervormde tak werd in 1593 een zelfstandige orde; haar leden staan bekend als de ongeschoeide karmelieten. 
Spanish ..... Un orden religiosa católica romana que originó en el siglo XII de los ermitaños del Monte Carmelo quienes buscaban el estilo de vida del profeta Eliahu. Cuando las Cruzadas fracasaron, los Carmelitas emigraron a Europa donde proliferaron como frailes mendicantes. Se practican estrictamente soledad, abstinencia, y oración. En 1452 los frailes se unieron con monjas Carmelitas (Hermanas de la Bendita Virgen María del Monte Carmelo), la Segunda Orden Carmelita. Las Carmelitas no tienen una figura fundadora como la tienen muchas órdenes, pero consideran a Eliahu y María, ambos centrales para la conciencia Carmelita, como sus fundadores. Importantes figuras de la reforma son Santa Teresa de Avila, la reformadora de la orden femenina en 1562, y San Juan de la Cruz quien reformó la orden masculina más tarde. La rama reformada se convirtió en una orden independiente en 1593 y se conocen como las Carmelitas Descalzas. 

Sources and Contributors:
加爾默羅會............  [AS-Academia Sinica Preferred]
..............  大英百科全書線上繁體中文版 July 17, 2012
聖衣會............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
...........  大英百科全書線上繁體中文版 July 17, 2012
Brothers of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mt. Carmel............  [VP]
................................................................................  Bowker, Oxford Dictionary of World Religions (1997) 196
Calced Carmelites............  [VP]
................................  Catholic Encyclopedia online (1997-2003) accessed 11/01
Carmelita............  [CDBP-SNPC]
....................  Enciclopedia Encarta de Lujo. Bibioteca de Consulta 2003 (2003)
Carmelitas............  [CDBP-SNPC Preferred]
.......................  TAA database (2000-)
Carmelite............  [VP Preferred]
....................  Catholic Encyclopedia [online] (2003-)
....................  Concise Oxford English Dictionary (2004)
....................  Doniger, Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of World Religions (1999)
....................  Encyclopedia Britannica Online (1994-2001) accessed 11/01
....................  Goring, ed., Larousse Dictionary of Beliefs and Religions (1994)
....................  Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary [online] (1997-2002)
Carmelite Order............  [VP]
.............................  Catholic Encyclopedia online (1997-2003) accessed 11/01
Carmelites............  [VP]
.......................  Bowker, Oxford Dictionary of World Religions (1997) 196
.......................  Goring, ed., Larousse Dictionary of Beliefs and Religions (1994) 88
chia erh mo lo hui............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
...................................  TELDAP database (2009-)
Eremitæ Sanctæ Mariæ de Monte Carmeli............  [VP]
..............................................................  Catholic Encyclopedia online (1997-2003) accessed 11/01
Fratres eremitæ de Monte Carmeli............  [VP]
.....................................................  Catholic Encyclopedia online (1997-2003) accessed 11/01
Fratres Ordinis Beatissimæ Dei Genitricus semperque Virginis Mariæ de Monte Carmeli............  [VP]
...................................................................................................................................  Catholic Encyclopedia online (1997-2003) accessed 11/01
Fratres Ordinis Beatissimæ Virginis Mariæ de Monte Carmeli............  [VP]
...............................................................................................  Catholic Encyclopedia online (1997-2003) accessed 11/01
Friars of Blessed Mary of Mount Carmel............  [VP]
.................................................................  Catholic Encyclopedia online (1997-2003) accessed 11/01
jia er mo luo hui............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
................................  TELDAP database (2009-)
jiā ěr mò luó huì............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
................................  TELDAP database (2009-)
karmeliet............  [RKD, AAT-Ned Preferred]
....................  AAT-Ned (1994-)
....................  Van Dale Groot Woordenboek (1998)
....................  Van Dale Online Woordenboek (2014-)
karmelieten............  [RKD, AAT-Ned Preferred]
.......................  AAT-Ned (1994-)
.......................  Van Dale Groot Woordenboek (1998)
.......................  Van Dale Online Woordenboek (2014-)
OCarm............  [VP]
..............  Goring, ed., Larousse Dictionary of Beliefs and Religions (1994) 88
orden de Nuestra Señora del Mo............  [CDBP-SNPC]
.....................................................  Enciclopedia Encarta de Lujo. Bibioteca de Consulta 2003 (2003)
Order of Our Lady of Mount Carmel............  [VP]
........................................................  Catholic Encyclopedia online (1997-2003) accessed 11/01
Order of the Brothers of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mount Carmel............  [VP]
.....................................................................................................  Goring, ed., Larousse Dictionary of Beliefs and Religions (1994) 88
White Friars............  [VP]
.......................  Goring, ed., Larousse Dictionary of Beliefs and Religions (1994) 88
 
Subject: .....  [AS-Academia Sinica, CDBP-SNPC, RKD, AAT-Ned, VP]
............  Van Dale Groot Woordenboek (1998)
 
Note:
English .......... [VP]
.......... Bowker, Oxford Dictionary of World Religions (1997) 196
.......... Encyclopedia Britannica Online (1994-2001) accessed 11/01
.......... Goring, ed., Larousse Dictionary of Beliefs and Religions (1994) 88
Chinese (traditional) .......... [AS-Academia Sinica]
.......... TELDAP database (2009-)
Dutch .......... [RKD, AAT-Ned]
.......... AAT-Ned (1994-)
.......... Van Dale Groot Woordenboek (1998)
.......... Van Dale Online Woordenboek (2014-)
Spanish .......... [CDBP-SNPC]
.......... TAA database (2000-)

 

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