The GettyResearch Institute
Research Home Tools Art & Architecture Thesaurus Full Record Display
Art & Architecture Thesaurus Full Record Display
New Search Previous Page Help

Click the icon to view the hierarchy.

Semantic View (JSONRDFN3/TurtleN-Triples)

ID: 300265119
Page Link: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300265119

 

Record Type: concept
chekkers (clavichords, zitherlike chordophones: struck, ... Furnishings and Equipment (hierarchy name))

 

Note: String keyboard instrument mentioned in 14th to early 16th century texts. No accurate description exists of its construction but evidence suggests that it was a type of clavichord. It is said to have looked like an organ, but sounded by strings.The earliest known reference to it is from 1360, when Edward III of England presented one made by Jehan Perrot to John of France. References to the clavichord begin to appear around the middle of the 14th century; and as the harpsichord appeared only after 1390, it is assumed that use of the term 'chekker' indicated a struck string, rather than plucked string keyboard instrument, though documentation remains unclear.
 
Terms:
chekkers (preferred,C,U,English-P,D,U,PN)
chekkers (Dutch-P,D,NT,PN)
chekker (C,U,English,AD,U,SN)
切可琴 (C,U,Chinese (traditional)-P,D,U,U)
qiē kě qín (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Hanyu Pinyin)-P,UF,U,U)
qie ke qin (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Pinyin without tones)-P,UF,U,U)
ch'ieh k'o ch'in (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Wade-Giles)-P,UF,U,U)
archiquiers (C,U,French-P,D,U,PN)
archiquier (C,U,French,AD,U,SN)
eschaquier (C,U,French,UF,U,N)
eschiquier (C,U,French,UF,U,N)
Schachtbretten (C,U,German-P,D,U,PN)
Schachtbrett (C,U,German,AD,U,SN)
Echiquier (C,V,German,AD,SN)
Schachbrett (Chordofon) (C,V,German,AD,SN)
Schachtbretter (Chordofone) (C,V,German,AD,PN)
scacarum (C,U,Latin,UF,U,N)
scacatorum (C,U,Latin,UF,U,N)
escacherium (C,U,Latin,UF,U,N)
eschaquer (C,U,Spanish,UF,U,N)
scaquer (C,U,Spanish,UF,U,N)
escaque (C,U,Spanish,UF,U,N)
exaquier (C,U,Spanish,UF,U,N)

Facet/Hierarchy Code:  V.TT

Hierarchical Position:

Hierarchy of Objects Facet
Objects Facet
Hierarchy of Furnishings and Equipment (hierarchy name)
.... Furnishings and Equipment (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of Sound Devices (hierarchy name)
........ Sound Devices (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of sound devices (equipment)
............ sound devices (equipment) (G)
Hierarchy of <sound devices by acoustical characteristics>
................ <sound devices by acoustical characteristics> (G)
Hierarchy of chordophones
.................... chordophones (G)
Hierarchy of zitherlike chordophones
........................ zitherlike chordophones (G)
Hierarchy of zitherlike chordophones: struck
............................ zitherlike chordophones: struck (G)
Hierarchy of clavichords
................................ clavichords (G)
Hierarchy of chekkers
.................................... chekkers (G)

Additional Parents:

Hierarchy of Objects Facet
Objects Facet
Hierarchy of Furnishings and Equipment (hierarchy name)
.... Furnishings and Equipment (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of Sound Devices (hierarchy name)
........ Sound Devices (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of sound devices (equipment)
............ sound devices (equipment) (G)
Hierarchy of <sound devices by acoustical characteristics>
................ <sound devices by acoustical characteristics> (G)
Hierarchy of chordophones
.................... chordophones (G)
Hierarchy of zitherlike chordophones
........................ zitherlike chordophones (G)
Hierarchy of <zitherlike chordophones: plucked>
............................ <zitherlike chordophones: plucked> (G)
Hierarchy of harpsichords
................................ harpsichords (G)
Hierarchy of clavicytheria
.................................... clavicytheria (G)
Hierarchy of chekkers
........................................ chekkers (G)

Additional Notes:
Chinese (traditional) ..... 指十四至十六世紀初在文獻上記載的弦鍵盤樂器,現無確切文字記錄此樂器構造,不過有證據顯示,切可琴是一種古鋼翼琴,據說形似管樂器,卻以琴弦發聲。有關切可琴的最早相關文獻可追溯至西元1360年,當時英國愛德華三世約翰‧佩羅特((Jehan Perrot))製作的切可琴贈予法國國王約翰。十四世紀中葉起開始出現古鋼翼琴的相關文獻,而大鍵琴秦的文獻於西元1390年之後始出現,因此雖然現有的文獻記載仍不明確,不過人們認為「切可琴」指的是擊弦鍵盤樂器,而非撥弦鍵盤樂器。 
Dutch ..... Snaarinstrumenten met toetsenbord, genoemd in teksten uit de 14de tot de vroege 16de eeuw. Een nauwkeurige beschrijving van de constructie ontbreekt, maar er zijn aanwijzingen dat het een soort klavechord betrof. Dit zou hebben geleken op een orgel maar het geluid werd voortgebracht door snaren. De eerste bekende verwijzing dateert uit 1360, toen koning Edward III van Engeland een door Jehan Perrot gebouwd exemplaar schonk aan koning Jan van Frankrijk. Verwijzingen naar klavechords beginnen rond het midden van de 14de eeuw te verschijnen; omdat de klavecimbel pas na 1390 opduikt, wordt aangenomen dat met een 'chekker' geen getokkeld maar een aangeslagen snaarinstrument met toetsenbord werd bedoeld, al geeft de documentatie geen uitsluitsel. 
German ..... Besaitetes Tasteninstrument, erwähnt in Texten aus dem 14. bis zum frühen 16. Jahrhundert. Es gibt keine genaue Beschreibung der Konstruktion, aber Zeugnisse legen nahe, dass es sich um eine Art Klavichord handelte. Es soll wie eine Orgel ausgesehen haben, die Töne wurden jedoch durch Saiten erzeugt. Der erste bekannte Hinweis auf das Instrument stammt aus dem Jahr 1360, als Eduard III. von England seinem Gefangenen, König Johann II. von Frankreich, ein Schachtbrett schenkte, das von Jehan Perrot gebaut worden war. Hinweise auf das Klavichord finden sich ungefähr ab der Mitte des 14. Jahrhunderts; und da das Cembalo nicht vor 1390 aufkam, wird vermutet, dass die Verwendung der Bezeichnung 'Schachbrett' auf ein Tasteninstrument hindeutet, das eher angeschlagen als gezupft wurde, aber die Nachweise bleiben unklar. 

Sources and Contributors:
切可琴............  [AS-Academia Sinica Preferred]
...........  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
archiquier............  [VP]
.......................  New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (2001) 5; 558
archiquiers............  [VP]
.......................  Getty Vocabulary Program rules
chekker............  [RKD, AAT-Ned, VP]
.................  AAT-Ned (1994-)
.................  New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (2001) 5; 558
chekkers............  [RKD, AAT-Ned Preferred, VP Preferred]
.................  AAT-Ned (1994-)
.................  Baines, Oxford Companion to Musical Instruments (1992) 56
.................  BHA, Authority file (1973-2003) accessed 16 December 2004
.................  Marcuse, Musical Instruments Dictionary (1975) 90
.................  New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (2001) 5; 558
.................  Ruf, Lexicon Musikinstumente (1991) 73
ch'ieh k'o ch'in............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
.............................  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
Echiquier............  [IfM-SMB-PK]
....................  Sachs, Reallexikon der Musikinstrumente (1913/1979) 125b-126a
escacherium............  [VP]
.......................  Marcuse, Musical Instruments Dictionary (1975) 90
escaque............  [VP]
.................  Marcuse, Musical Instruments Dictionary (1975) 90
eschaquer............  [VP]
....................  New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (2001) 5; 558
eschaquier............  [VP]
.......................  BHA, Authority file (1973-2003) accessed 16 December 2004
.......................  New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (2001) 5; 558
eschiquier............  [VP]
.......................  Marcuse, Musical Instruments Dictionary (1975) 90
.......................  New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (2001) 5; 558
exaquier............  [VP]
.................  Marcuse, Musical Instruments Dictionary (1975) 90
qie ke qin............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
.......................  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
qiē kě qín............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
.......................  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
scacarum............  [VP]
.................  New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (2001) 5; 558
scacatorum............  [VP]
.......................  New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (2001) 5; 558
scaquer............  [VP]
.................  New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (2001) 5; 558
Schachbrett (Chordofon)............  [IfM-SMB-PK]
.........................................  Ruf, Lexicon Musikinstumente (1991) 445-446
Schachtbrett............  [IfM-SMB-PK Preferred, VP]
.......................  Marcuse, Musical Instruments Dictionary (1975) 91
.......................  New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (2001) 5; 558
.......................  Ruf, Lexicon Musikinstumente (1991) 445
Schachtbretten............  [IfM-SMB-PK, VP]
.............................  Getty Vocabulary Program rules
Schachtbretter (Chordofone)............  [IfM-SMB-PK]
...............................................  AAT-Deutsch (2012-)
 
Subject: .....  [AS-Academia Sinica, IfM-SMB-PK, VP]
............  Baines, Oxford Companion to Musical Instruments (1992)
............  Marcuse, Musical Instruments Dictionary (1975)
............  New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (2001)
............  Ruf, Lexicon Musikinstumente (1991)
 
Note:
English .......... [VP]
.......... Baines, Oxford Companion to Musical Instruments (1992) 56
.......... Marcuse, Musical Instruments Dictionary (1975) 90
.......... New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (2001) 5:558
Chinese (traditional) .......... [AS-Academia Sinica]
.......... AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
Dutch .......... [RKD, AAT-Ned]
.......... AAT-Ned (1994-)
German .......... [IfM-SMB-PK]
.......... IfM Berlin

 

New Search

Back to Top

Printer Friendly Version

The J. Paul Getty Trust
The J. Paul Getty Trust