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Hard Style (Roman sculpture styles, ancient Italian sculpture styles, ... Styles and Periods (hierarchy name)) |
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Note: Refers to a style of Roman sculpture that developed in the second century CE and is characterized by the movement away from the earlier modeling techniques that employed positive modification of the surface by shaping the material, to instead use negative modeling. The style used gouging, the running drill, and other methods to create sharp contrasts in light and shade.
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| Terms: |
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| Hard Style (preferred,C,U,English-P,D,U,A)
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| Hard Style (Spanish-P,D,U,U)
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| Hard Style (Dutch-P,D,U,U)
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| 嚴峻風格 (C,U,Chinese (traditional)-P,D,U,U)
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| 冷硬風格 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
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| yán jùn fēng gé (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Hanyu Pinyin)-P,UF,U,U)
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| yan jun feng ge (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Pinyin without tones)-P,UF,U,U)
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| yan chün feng ko (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Wade-Giles)-P,UF,U,U)
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Facet/Hierarchy Code: F.FL |
Hierarchical Position:
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Styles and Periods Facet |
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.... Styles and Periods (hierarchy name) (G) |
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........ <styles, periods, and cultures by region> (G) |
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............ Early Western World (G) |
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................ Mediterranean (Early Western World) (G) |
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.................... Ancient Italian (G) |
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........................ ancient Italian sculpture styles (G) |
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............................ Roman sculpture styles (G) |
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................................ Hard Style (G) |
Additional Notes: |
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| Chinese (traditional) ..... 指發展於西元二世紀的羅馬雕塑風格，其特徵為放棄了早期的塑形技巧，藉由直接捏塑材料，積極形塑陶器表面（positive modification），而非消極按模塑造(negative modeling)。這個風格使用半圓鑿挖（gouging）、弓鑽（running drill）以及其他方法以製作出強烈的光影對照。 |
| Dutch ..... Verwijst naar een stijl in de Romeinse beeldhouwkunst, die in de 2de eeuw tot ontwikkeling kwam in afwijking van eerdere boetseertechnieken waarbij het oppervlak in positief werd bewerkt door vervorming van het materiaal. In plaats daarvan begon men in negatief te boetseren met gebruikmaking van gutsen, zwengelboren en andere technieken om scherpe contrasten tussen licht en donker te scheppen. |
| Spanish ..... Se refiere a un estilo de escultura romana que se desarrolló en el siglo II d.C. y se caracteriza por el desplazamiento de las técnicas de modelado más tempranas que empleaban modificación positiva de la superficie dando forma al material, en lugar de usar modelado negativo. El estilo usaba escopleado con gubia, el taladro corriente, y otros métodos para crear fuertes contrastes en luz y sombra. |
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