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ID: 300019229
Page Link: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300019229

 

Record Type: concept
Bangkok (Thai periods, Thai (culture or style), ... Styles and Periods (hierarchy name))

 

Note: Refers to the period named for the capital city of Thailand founded by Rama I (1782-1809 CE) in 1782. In architecture, the period is best represented by the various constructions and subsequent renovations in the Grand Palace (Phra Borom Maha Ratchawang) which includes the Amarin Winichai Hall, featuring a T-shaped plan, and the Dusit Maha Prasat Throne Hall (1789), featuring a Latin Cross plan, lacquered and gilded doors and windows, and gilded nine-tiered spires. Temples in this period feature main sanctuaries that house the Palladium of the kingdom and other revered Buddha images, altars depicting the Traiphum or realms of existence, friezes of gilded garuas, ubosots or elongated ordination halls, mother-of-pearl inlaid works, bronze lions, wihans or assembly halls, and multi-tiered roofs. Later in the 19th century, architectural styles reflected European colonial aesthetics. In sculpture and painting, works of this period display scenes from the Ramakien and from Hindu texts.
 
Terms:
Bangkok (preferred,C,U,English-P,D,U,A)
Bangkok (Spanish-P,D,U,U)
Bangkok (Dutch-P,D,U,U)
Ratanakosin (C,U,English,UF,U,U)
曼谷 (C,U,Chinese (traditional)-P,D,U,U)
màn gǔ (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Hanyu Pinyin)-P,UF,U,U)
man gu (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Pinyin without tones)-P,UF,U,U)
man ku (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Wade-Giles)-P,UF,U,U)

Facet/Hierarchy Code:  F.FL

Hierarchical Position:

Hierarchy of Styles and Periods Facet
Styles and Periods Facet
Hierarchy of Styles and Periods (hierarchy name)
.... Styles and Periods (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of <styles, periods, and cultures by region>
........ <styles, periods, and cultures by region> (G)
Hierarchy of Asian
............ Asian (G)
Hierarchy of Southeast Asian
................ Southeast Asian (G)
Hierarchy of Thai (culture or style)
.................... Thai (culture or style) (G)
Hierarchy of Thai periods
........................ Thai periods (G)
Hierarchy of Bangkok
............................ Bangkok (G)

Additional Notes:
Chinese (traditional) ..... 稱以西元1782年由拉瑪一世(Rama I,西元1782年至1809年)所建立的泰國首都曼谷加以命名的時代。建築方面,此時代的代表性作品為大皇宮(the Grand Palace,亦即Phra Borom Maha Ratchawang)的各種結構興建與後續的整修,大皇宮中的阿瑪林宮(Amarin Winichai Hall)以T形平面結構為特色,而達思特瑪哈帕沙托皇宮(Dusit Maha Prasat Throne Hall,西元1789年)則是以拉丁式十字架的平面結構為主、兩者皆有塗漆與鍍金的門窗,以及鍍金的九層尖塔。此時代的寺廟特色為供奉王國守護神以及其他備受崇敬的佛陀等的主聖殿、描繪三界(Traiphum)或說存在界的聖壇、刻有鍍金神鳥(garuas)的橫飾帶、狹長的神職授任廳(ubosot)、內嵌珍珠母的藝術作品、青銅獅、威罕或集會廳,以及多層屋頂等最具特色。後期於西元十九世紀的建築則反映出歐洲殖民美學的風格。雕刻與繪畫方面,本時代的作品則刻畫了拉瑪堅神話(Ramakien)以及印度教文本的景像。  
Dutch ..... Verwijst naar de periode die is genoemd naar de hoofdstad van Thailand, gesticht door Rama I (1782-1809) in 1782. In de architectuur wordt deze periode het best vertegenwoordigd door de verschillende constructies en latere renovaties in het Grote Paleis (Phra Borom Maha Ratchawang) waarin zich de Amarin Winichai Hall bevindt, met een T-vormige plattegrond, en de Dusit Maha Prasat Throne Hall (1789), met een vloerplan in de vorm van een Latijns Kruis, gelakte en vergulde deuren en vensters en vergulde, negenlaagse spitsen. Tempels in deze periode worden gekenmerkt door centrale heiligdommen die het palladium van het koninkrijk en andere vereerde Boeddhabeelden huisvesten, altaren die het Traiphum of bestaanswerelden afbeelden, friezen of vergulde garua's, ubosots of verlengde wijdingszalen, paarlemoeren ingelegde werken, bronzen leeuwen, wihans of gemeenschapszalen en daken met meerdere lagen. Later in de 19de eeuw weerspiegelden bouwstijlen Europese koloniale esthetica. In beeldhouwkunst en schilderkunst worden op werken uit deze periode taferelen afgebeeld uit de Ramakien en uit hindoeïstische teksten. 
Spanish ..... Se refiere al período denominado por la ciudad capital de Thailandia fundada por Rama I (1782-1809 d.C.) en 1782. En arquitectura, el período es mejor representado por las diversas construcciones y subsecuentes renovaciones en el Gran Palacio (Phra Borom Maha Ratchawang) que incluyen el Vestíbulo Amarin Winichai y un plan en forma de T y el Vestíbulo de Trono Dusit Maha Prasat (1789), ofreciendo un plan de cruz latina, puertas y ventanas barnizadas y doradas, y nueve espirales dispuestas en gradas doradas. Los templos en este período ofrecen santuarios principales que alojan el Palladium del reino y otras imágenes veneradas de Buda, altares representando los Traiphum o reinos de existencia, frisos de garuas dorados, ubosots o vestíbulos de ordenación alargados, incrustaciones de nácar, leones de bronce, wihans o vestíbulos de asamblea y techos multi- escalonados. Posteriormente en el siglo XIX, los estilos arquitectónicos reflejaron la estética colonial europea. En escultura y pintura, las obras de este período exhiben escenas de Ramakien y de textos hindúes. 

Sources and Contributors:
曼谷............  [AS-Academia Sinica Preferred]
...........  中國大百科全書智慧藏網 March 13, 2012
...........  大英百科全書線上繁體中文版 March 13, 2012
Bangkok............  [CDBP-SNPC Preferred, RKD, AAT-Ned Preferred, VP Preferred]
.................  AAT-Ned (1994-)
.................  Boisselier, Heritage of Thai Sculpture (1975) TABC
.................  Groslier, Indo-China (1962) CHT4
.................  Grote Bosatlas (1988)
.................  Grove Dictionary of Art online (1999-2002) "Bangkok" Accessed 7/19/00
.................  Pearman, CMA Slide Library Classification (1980s) 27.5
.................  TAA database (2000-)
.................  Trubner et al., Asiatic Art in the Seattle Museum (1973) 13
.................  University of Michigan Slide Classification (n.d.)
.................  Van Beek, Arts of Thailand (1985) 11
màn gǔ............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
.................  TELDAP database (2009-)
man gu............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
.................  TELDAP database (2009-)
man ku............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
.................  TELDAP database (2009-)
Ratanakosin............  [VP]
.......................  Van Beek, Arts of Thailand (1985) 11
 
Subject: .....  [AS-Academia Sinica, CDBP-SNPC, RKD, AAT-Ned, VP]
............  Grote Bosatlas (1988)
 
Note:
English .......... [VP]
.......... Legacy AAT data
Chinese (traditional) .......... [AS-Academia Sinica]
.......... TELDAP database (2009-)
Dutch .......... [RKD, AAT-Ned]
.......... AAT-Ned (1994-)
.......... Grote Bosatlas (1988)
Spanish .......... [CDBP-SNPC]
.......... TAA database (2000-)

 

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