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ID: 300018969
Page Link: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300018969

 

Record Type: concept
Nagara (Indian architecture styles, Indian (South Asian), ... Styles and Periods (hierarchy name))

 

Note: A style of architecture that refers to the temple types of northern India that were developed beginning in the sixth century; the word literally means "pertaining to the city," possibly revealing the origins of the form. The early version of this style was characterized by offsets (bhadra) projecting as cardinal niches from the cubic cella; the niches usually contained images of the sanctum's divinity. A curvilinear tower carried the offsets upward to a topmost altar (uttaravedi) with a crowning amalaka; during consecration a finial carved as a lustration pot, sometimes with foliage, was placed on top of the amalaka. Niches with guardian dieties (dikpalas) were placed at the corners and more offsets were added. Various regional forms developed out of this basic style, also called latina because of the vertical 'creepers' or latas. Multi-spired forms were increasingly popular from the eleventh century.
 
Terms:
Nagara (preferred,C,U,English-P,D,U,A)
Nagara (Spanish-P,D,U,U)
Nagara (Dutch-P,D,U,U)
nāgara (C,U,English,UF,U,U)
Aryavarta (C,U,English,UF,U,U)
Indo-Aryan (architectural style) (C,U,English,UF,U,U)
North Indian style (rchitectural style) (C,U,English,UF,U,U)
那格羅 (C,U,Chinese (traditional)-P,D,U,U)
納加拉 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
nà gé luó (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Hanyu Pinyin)-P,UF,U,U)
na ge luo (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Pinyin without tones)-P,UF,U,U)
na ko lo (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Wade-Giles)-P,UF,U,U)

Facet/Hierarchy Code:  F.FL

Hierarchical Position:

Hierarchy of Styles and Periods Facet
Styles and Periods Facet
Hierarchy of Styles and Periods (hierarchy name)
.... Styles and Periods (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of <styles, periods, and cultures by region>
........ <styles, periods, and cultures by region> (G)
Hierarchy of Asian
............ Asian (G)
Hierarchy of South Asian
................ South Asian (G)
Hierarchy of Indian (South Asian)
.................... Indian (South Asian) (G)
Hierarchy of Indian architecture styles
........................ Indian architecture styles (G)
Hierarchy of Nagara
............................ Nagara (G)

Additional Notes:
Chinese (traditional) ..... 指西元六世紀間於印度北方開始發展的建築風格,多用於建造寺廟。那迦羅(Nagara)字面上的意思是「附屬於城市」,可能說明了此形式的來源。此風格最早的形式特色是支道(跋陀羅),其形式如凸出於內殿的壁龕,壁龕裡通常具有聖地神祇的圖像。曲線塔帶著支道向上延伸至祭壇的最頂端,上有阿摩勒形頂;祭祀時,雕刻成淨化壺,有時則飾以葉片的尖頂飾,會置於阿摩勒形頂上。內有守護神的壁龕則分置於角落,並由此增加更多的支道。許多不同的地區形式均由此基本風格發展出來,因為其不斷向上層層蔓生,故亦稱作「latina」。多尖塔形式自西元十一世紀後逐漸風行。 
Dutch ..... Architectuurstijl die verwijst naar de tempeltypen van Noord-India welke vanaf de 6de eeuw tot ontwikkeling kwamen; de letterlijke betekenis van het woord is 'behorend bij de stad', hetgeen mogelijk verwijst naar de oorsprong van de vorm. Kenmerkend voor een vroege versie van deze stijl waren de hoekprojecties (bhadra) die als hoofdnis van de kubusvormige cella uitkraagden; de nissen bevatten doorgaans afbeeldingen van de in het heiligdom vereerde godheid. De projecties liepen langs de kromlijnige toren omhoog tot aan het hoogste altaar (uttaravedi), dat werd bekroond met een amalaka; tijdens de wijding werd een fioel, gesneden in de vorm van lustervaas, soms met bladerwerk, boven op de amalaka geplaatst. Nissen met wakende godheden (dikpala's) werden op de hoeken geplaatst en extra hoekprojecties werden toegevoegd. Uit deze basisstijl hebben zich diverse regionale vormen ontwikkeld, de zogeheten latina, zo genoemd vanwege de verticale 'klimplanten' of latas. Vanaf de 11de eeuw groeide de populariteit van vormen met meerdere spitsen. 
Spanish ..... Un estilo de arquitectura que se refiere a los tipos de templo de India del norte que comenzaron a desarrollarse en el siglo VI ; la palabra significa literalmente "perteneciente a la ciudad," posiblemente revelando los orígenes de la forma. La primera versión de este estilo se caracterizaba por salientes (bhadra) proyectándose como nichos cardinales del "cella" cúbico; los nichos normalmente contenían imágenes de la divinidad del santuario. Una torre curvilínea llevaba los salientes ascendentes a un altar más alto (uttaravedi) con un coronamiento amalaka; durante la consagración un finial tallado como una vasija de lustracion, a veces con follaje, era ubicada sobre el amalaka. Nichos con divinidades guardines (dikpalas) eran colocados en las esquinas y se agregaron más salientes. Varias formas regionales desarrollaron de este estilo básico, también llamado latina debido a las enredaderas verticalesvo latas. Formas con múltiples remates en punta fueron cada vez más populares desde el siglo XI. 

Sources and Contributors:
那格羅............  [AS-Academia Sinica Preferred]
...........  智慧藏百科全書網 July 20, 2012
納加拉............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
...........  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
Aryavarta............  [VP]
....................  Cofmaraswamy, History of Indian and Indonesian Art (1927) 282
....................  Getty Vocabulary Program rules needs diacritics
Indo-Aryan (architectural style)............  [VP]
.....................................................  Cofmaraswamy, History of Indian and Indonesian Art (1927) 107; Indo-Aryan
Nagara............  [CDBP-SNPC Preferred, RKD, AAT-Ned Preferred, VP Preferred]
.................  AAT-Ned (1994-)
.................  Cofmaraswamy, History of Indian and Indonesian Art (1927) 282
.................  Grove Dictionary of Art (1996) illustration, 239, needs diacritics
.................  Harle, Art and Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent (1986) 588
.................  Heibonsha Survey of Japanese Art (1972-1980) 770
.................  Huntington, Art of Ancient India (1985) 540
.................  Rowland, Art and Architecture of India (1970) 507
.................  TAA database (2000-)
nāgara............  [VP]
.................  Huntington, Art of Ancient India (1985) 723
na ge luo............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
....................  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
nà gé luó............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
....................  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
na ko lo............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
.................  AS-Academia Sinica data (2014-)
North Indian style (rchitectural style)............  [VP]
.................................................................  Craven, Indian Art (1997) 118
 
Subject: .....  [AS-Academia Sinica, CDBP-SNPC, RKD, AAT-Ned, VP]
............  AAT-Ned (1994-)
 
Note:
English .......... [VP]
.......... Harle, Art and Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent (1986)
Chinese (traditional) .......... [AS-Academia Sinica]
Dutch .......... [RKD, AAT-Ned]
.......... AAT-Ned (1994-)
Spanish .......... [CDBP-SNPC]
.......... TAA database (2000-)

 

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