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ID: 300012966
Page Link: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300012966

 

Record Type: concept
asphalt (bituminous material) (bitumen (material), natural bituminous material, ... Materials (hierarchy name))

 

Note: The dark, brownish-black bituminous resin that is found in natural deposits or is produced as a byproduct of oil refineries. It has consistencies varying from viscous liquid to glassy solid. It is composed of aliphatic, alicyclic, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. It is soluble in oils and waxes and can act as a plasticizer or a strengthener, depending on the hardness of the variety. Natural asphalt, which is believed to have been formed during an early stage in the breakdown of organic marine deposits into petroleum, characteristically contains minerals, while residual petroleum asphalt does not. Asphalt has been used since the 3rd millennium BCE for waterproofing; it is also used for road paving, roof coating, joint sealing, and a waterproof barrier in sandy soils. Ancient sources for asphalt were Egypt, the north end of the Dead Sea, the Is river northwest of Babylon, and the Greek island of Zante.
 
Terms:
asphalt (bituminous material) (preferred,C,U,LC,English-P,D,U,N)
pitch (asphalt) (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
asfalt (C,U,Swedish-P,D,U,U)
asfalt (Polish-P,D,U,U)
asfalt (Dutch-P,D,U,U)
asphalte (material) (C,U,French-P,UF,U,N)
Asphalt (bituminöse Material) (C,U,German-P,D,U,U)
asfalto (bituminous) (C,U,Portuguese-P,D,U,SN)
asfalto (material bituminoso) (Spanish-P,D,U,U)
asfalto (bituminous) (Italian-P,D,U,SN)

Facet/Hierarchy Code:  M.MT

Hierarchical Position:

Hierarchy of Materials Facet
Materials Facet
Hierarchy of Materials (hierarchy name)
.... Materials (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of materials (substances)
........ materials (substances) (G)
Hierarchy of <materials by composition>
............ <materials by composition> (G)
Hierarchy of organic material
................ organic material (G)
Hierarchy of bituminous material
.................... bituminous material (G)
Hierarchy of natural bituminous material
........................ natural bituminous material (G)
Hierarchy of bitumen (material)
............................ bitumen (material) (G)
Hierarchy of asphalt (bituminous material)
................................ asphalt (bituminous material) (G)

Additional Notes:
Portuguese ..... A resina betuminosa escura, preta-acastanhada, encontrada em depósitos naturais ou produzida como subproduto das refinarias de petróleo. Tem consistências que variam de líquido viscoso a sólido vítreo. É composto de hidrocarbonetos aromáticos alifáticos, alicíclicos e policíclicos. É solúvel em óleos e ceras e pode atuar como plastificante ou fortalecedor, dependendo da dureza da variedade. O asfalto natural, que se acredita ter sido formado durante um estágio inicial da decomposição de depósitos marinhos orgânicos em petróleo, contém caracteristicamente minerais, enquanto o asfalto de petróleo residual não. O asfalto é utilizado desde o terceiro milênio aC para impermeabilização; também é usado para pavimentação de estradas, revestimento de telhado, vedação de juntas e uma barreira à prova d'água em solos arenosos. As fontes antigas de asfalto foram o Egito, o extremo norte do Mar Morto, o rio Is a noroeste da Babilônia e a ilha grega de Zante. 

Sources and Contributors:
asfalt............  [RKD, AAT-Ned Preferred, VP]
.................  AAT-Ned (1994-)
.................  MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online: CAMEO (2005-)
.................  Van Dale Engels-Nederlands (1989)
asfalto (bituminous)............  [Biblio Arc USI Preferred, CDBP-SNPC Preferred, CVAA-BR Preferred, VP]
...................................  CVAA-BR Consortium (2020-)
...................................  Diccionario de términos científicos y técnicos (1981) 5:2206
...................................  MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online: CAMEO (2005-)
...................................  Putnam y Carlson, Diccionario de Arquitectura, Construcción y Obras Públicas (1998) 56
...................................  Soggettario Sbt https://www.sbt.ti.ch/soggettario/index.jsp?termine=24798
asphalt (bituminous material)............  [GCI Preferred, VP Preferred]
..................................................  AATA database (2002-) 120663 checked 26 January 2012
..................................................  Avery Index (1963-) (source AAT) - subhead.
..................................................  CDMARC Subjects: LCSH (1988-)
..................................................  Dictionary of Geological Terms (1984) 30
..................................................  Mayer, Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques (1969)
..................................................  MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online: CAMEO (2005-)
..................................................  Mills and White, Organic Chemistry of Museum Objects (1987) 49
..................................................  Morrow, Dictionary of Landscape Architecture (1987) 17
..................................................  RIBA, Architectural Keywords (1982)
Asphalt (bituminöse Material)............  [VP]
..................................................  MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online: CAMEO (2005-)
asphalte (material)............  [BHA, VP]
...................................  BHA, Authority file (2003-) accessed 16 March 2005
...................................  MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online: CAMEO (2005-)
pitch (asphalt)............  [VP]
.............................  Dictionary of Geological Terms (1984) 30; pitch
.............................  Getty Vocabulary Program rules 30
 
Subject: .....  [Biblio Arc USI, CDBP-SNPC, CVAA-BR, GCI, RKD, AAT-Ned, VP]
............  AATA database (2002-) 120663 checked 26 January 2012
............  Biblio Arc USI database
............  CVAA-BR Consortium (2020-)
............  Van Dale Engels-Nederlands (1989)
 
Note:
English .......... [VP]
.......... Encyclopedia Britannica Online (2002-)
.......... MFA Conservation and Art Material Encyclopedia Online: CAMEO (2005-)
Portuguese .......... [CVAA-BR]
.......... CVAA-BR Consortium (2020-)

 

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