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archil (vegetable dye, natural dye, ... Materials (hierarchy name)) |
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Note: A natural dye that is bright red to rich purple color, obtained from any of several lichens; used as a pigment, textile dye, wood stain, food colorant, and an indicator dye that turns blue in alkaline solutions. It was by the ancient Egyptians; the preparation was rediscovered by the Italians and used to make the brilliant red and purple Florentine cloth. In the18th century a Scottish chemist C. Gordon patented the process, which he called "cudbear." The dark red color in archil is formed when lecanoric acid is converted to orcein by fermentation then oxidation.
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| Terms: |
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| archil (preferred,C,U,English-P,D,U,N)
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| orchil (C,U,LC,English,UF,U,N)
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| cudbear (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
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| red indigo (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
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| 苔色素 (C,U,Chinese (traditional)-P,D,U,U)
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| 地衣紫 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
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| 紅靛青 (C,U,Chinese (traditional),UF,U,U)
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| tāi sè sù (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Hanyu Pinyin)-P,UF,U,U)
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| tai se su (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Pinyin without tones)-P,UF,U,U)
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| t'ai se su (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Wade-Giles)-P,UF,U,U)
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| orseille (C,U,Dutch-P,D,U,U)
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| orchilla (C,U,Spanish-P,D,U,U)
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Facet/Hierarchy Code: M.MT |
Hierarchical Position:
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Materials Facet |
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.... Materials (hierarchy name) (G) |
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........ materials (substances) (G) |
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............ <materials by function> (G) |
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................ colorant (material) (G) |
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.................... dye (G) |
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........................ <dye by composition or origin> (G) |
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............................ natural dye (G) |
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................................ vegetable dye (G) |
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.................................... archil (G) |
Additional Notes: |
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| Chinese (traditional) ..... 一種顏色從亮紅到濃紫的天然染料，取自橡苔屬、染料衣屬、樹花屬、茶漬屬等多種地衣中任何一種，此類地衣曾被埃及人用為染料。苔色素的調製方式在中世紀由義大利人飛德瑞果（Federigo）重新發現並遭其壟斷，被用來製作佛羅倫斯布料中的鮮豔紅色及紫色。十八世紀時，一名蘇格蘭化學家高登（C. Gordon）再重新發現其製造過程並申請專利，稱之「地衣紫」。茶漬酸經發酵再氧化轉化為地衣紫色素，便形成苔色素中的深紅色。苔色素可做為顏料、紡織染料、木材染色劑、食物著色劑，及在鹼性溶液中會呈藍色的指示染料。 |
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Related concepts: |
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| composed of .... |
orcein |
| .................... |
(<colorant for dye and pigment>, colorant (material), ... Materials (hierarchy name)) [300386721] |
| constituent of .... |
French purple |
| .......................... |
(<colorant for dye and pigment>, colorant (material), ... Materials (hierarchy name)) [300311572] |
| derived/made from .... |
lichens (Fungi) |
| ................................ |
(Fungi (kingdom), Eukaryota (domain), ... Living Organisms (hierarchy name)) [300249626] |
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