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ID: 300012864
Page Link: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300012864

 

Record Type: concept
wood charcoal (charcoal (material), modified plant material, ... Materials (hierarchy name))

 

Note: Refers to partially consumed pieces of wood, which, in the context of art, are generally used as a material for drawing. Charcoal produced from wood that is as homogeneous as possible gives a porous and not very adhesive stroke. It is also fashioned into pointed charcoal pencils to create thin lines, used broadside to produce evenly toned areas, and applied with rubbing and pulverizing to create dimmed intermediate shades and delicate transitions.
 
Terms:
wood charcoal (preferred,C,U,English-P,D,U,N)
charcoal, wood (C,U,English,UF,U,N)
木炭 (C,U,Chinese (traditional)-P,D,U,U)
mù tàn (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Hanyu Pinyin)-P,UF,U,U)
mu tan (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Pinyin without tones)-P,UF,U,U)
mu t'an (C,U,Chinese (transliterated Wade-Giles)-P,UF,U,U)
houtskool (wood charcoal) (C,U,Dutch-P,D,U,U)
charbon de bois (C,U,French-P,D,U,N)
Zeichenkohle (C,V,German-P,D,SN)
Reißkohle (C,V,German,AD,SN)
Zeichenkohlen (C,V,German,AD,PN)
carbón vegetal (C,U,Spanish-P,D,U,U)

Facet/Hierarchy Code:  M.MT

Hierarchical Position:

Hierarchy of Materials Facet
Materials Facet
Hierarchy of Materials (hierarchy name)
.... Materials (hierarchy name) (G)
Hierarchy of materials (substances)
........ materials (substances) (G)
Hierarchy of <materials by origin>
............ <materials by origin> (G)
Hierarchy of biological material
................ biological material (G)
Hierarchy of plant material
.................... plant material (G)
Hierarchy of modified plant material
........................ modified plant material (G)
Hierarchy of charcoal (material)
............................ charcoal (material) (G)
Hierarchy of wood charcoal
................................ wood charcoal (G)

Additional Notes:
Chinese (traditional) ..... 指部分燒毀的木頭塊,在藝術領域中,通常用來當作素描材料。由同質性高之木材所製成的炭具多孔特性,筆觸不會太黏著。做成尖頭炭鉛筆可畫出細線,而其側面可用來繪製色調均勻的區域,也可以塗抹、壓成炭粉,製造朦朧的中間色調與細微轉變。 
Dutch ..... Verwijst naar gedeeltelijk verbrande stukken hout, die in een kunstzinnige context doorgaans worden gebruikt als tekenmateriaal. Houtskool gemaakt van zo homogeen mogelijk hout geeft een poreuze en niet erg hechtende streek. Houtskool wordt ook gemodelleerd in gepunte staafjes voor het tekenen van dunne lijnen. Door de platte kant van de staafjes te gebruiken, ontstaan gelijkmatig getinte vlakken, en door de houtskool te wrijven en te verkruimelen, is het mogelijk getemperde tussentinten en subtiele overgangen te creëren. 
German ..... Bezieht sich auf verkohlte Holzstücke, die im Kontext der Kunst im Allgemeinen als Zeichenmaterial verwendet werden. Aus möglichst homogenem Holz hergestellte Holzkohle ergibt einen porösen und wenig haftenden Strich. Zeichenkohle wird auch zu spitzen Kohlestiften verarbeitet, um dünne Linien zu erzeugen, breitflächig eingesetzt, um gleichmäßig getönte Flächen zu erzeugen, und durch Reiben und Zermahlen aufgetragen, um gedämpfte Zwischentöne und weiche Übergänge zu erzeugen. 
Spanish ..... Se refiere a trozos parcialmente consumidos de madera, los cuales, dentro del contexto del arte, son generalmente empleados como material para dibujar. El carbón producido de madera muy homogénea, permite un trazo poroso y no muy adhesivo. También es usado para lápices de carbón con punta para crear líneas finas, usado por sus costados produce zonas tonales parejas y al aplicarse con uso de una goma o pulverizado, crea sombras intermedias y delicadas transiciones. 

Sources and Contributors:
木炭............  [AS-Academia Sinica Preferred]
...........  國家教育研究院-雙語詞彙、學術名詞暨辭書資訊網 28 July, 2014 September 7, 2010
...........  智慧藏百科全書網 September 7, 2010
carbón vegetal............  [CDBP-SNPC Preferred]
.............................  Moliner, Diccionario de uso del español (2004) I:520
charbon de bois............  [CHIN / RCIP Preferred, VP]
.............................  CHIN database (1988-)
charcoal, wood............  [VP]
.............................  Getty Vocabulary Program rules
houtskool (wood charcoal)............  [RKD, AAT-Ned Preferred]
............................................  AAT-Ned (1994-)
............................................  Van Dale groot woordenboek (1994)
mu tan............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
.................  TELDAP database (2009-)
mù tàn............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
.................  TELDAP database (2009-)
mu t'an............  [AS-Academia Sinica]
.................  TELDAP database (2009-)
Reißkohle............  [IfM-SMB-PK]
....................  Duden [online] (2011-) https://www.duden.de/node/231456/revision/231773
wood charcoal............  [GCI Preferred, VP Preferred]
..........................  AATA database (2002-) 130604 checked 26 January 2012
..........................  Brady and Clauser, Materials Handbook (1977) 167
..........................  Encyclopedia Britannica Online (2002-) accessed 28 May 2003
..........................  Webster's Third New International Dictionary (1961)
Zeichenkohle............  [IfM-SMB-PK Preferred]
.......................  Duden [online] (2011-) https://www.duden.de/node/209027/revision/209063
.......................  PONS Großes Bildwörterbuch (2019)
.......................  Weiß et al., Reclams Handbuch der künstlerischen Techniken Bd. 3 (1997) Bd. 1, S. 162
Zeichenkohlen............  [IfM-SMB-PK]
..........................  AAT-Deutsch (2012-)
 
Subject: .....  [AS-Academia Sinica, CDBP-SNPC, CHIN / RCIP, GCI, IfM-SMB-PK, RKD, AAT-Ned, VP]
............  AATA database (2002-) 130604 checked 26 January 2012
............  CHIN database (1988-)
............  Van Dale groot woordenboek (1994)
 
Note:
English .......... [VP]
.......... Encyclopedia Britannica Online (2002-) accessed 28 May 2003
Chinese (traditional) .......... [AS-Academia Sinica]
.......... TELDAP database (2009-)
Dutch .......... [RKD, AAT-Ned]
.......... AAT-Ned (1994-)
.......... Van Dale groot woordenboek (1994)
German .......... [IfM-SMB-PK]
.......... IfM Berlin
Spanish .......... [CDBP-SNPC]
.......... TAA database (2000-)

 

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