ID: 700000206 Page link: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/cona/700000206	Record Type: Movable Work

Pergamon Altar (altar; unknown sculptors and architects, under Eumenes II (197-156 ...; 2nd half of the 2nd century BC...; Collection of Classical Antiquities (Berlin, Berlin state, G...; Pe. 1)

Note: Monumental construction built during the second half of the 2nd century BCE on one of the terraces of the acropolis of the ancient city of Pergamon in Asia Minor. It was probably an altar of the temple of Athena located on the acropolis terrace above it; the altar possibly served solely as a place of sacrifice. The Pergamon Altar was built during the reign of Eumenes II (ruled 197 BCE-156 BCE). It rises over a 36.80 m wide and 34.20 m deep base with five levels, a low base and a vanity unit, with a 2.30 m high and 110 m long frieze was decorated. The frieze depicts the mythical battle between gods and giants.

Titles:

Pergamon Altar (preferred,C,U,TR,English-P,U,U)

Pergamon Great Altar (C,U,English,U,U)

Great Altar at Pergamum (C,U,English,U,U)

Der Große Altar von Pergamon (C,U,RP,German-P,U,U)

Pergamon-Altar (C,U,German,U,U)

Altare di Pergamo (C,U,Italian-P,U,U)

Grand autel de Pergame (C,U,French-P,U,U)

Catalog Level: item

Work Types:

altar (religious fixture) [300003725] (preferred)

..... (Objects Facet, Components (hierarchy name), components (objects parts), <components by specific context>, architectural elements, <architectural elements by building type>, religious building fixtures, <altars and altar components>)

Classifications:

architecture (preferred)

Creation Date: 2nd half of the 2nd century BCE

Creator Display:

unknown sculptors and architects, under Eumenes II (197-156 BCE) [preferred,VP]

architects unknown Anatolian (Anatolian cultural designation) [500202836]

patron Eumenes II, King of Pergamum (Pergamene king, died 160/159 BCE) [500353597]

Locations:

Current: Collection of Classical Antiquities (Berlin, Berlin state, Germany) [500125796] National Museums in Berlin, Corporate Bodies (Corp. Body)

Repository Numbers: Pe. 1

Other: Creation: Bergama [7016140] İzmir (province), Turkey (nation), Asia (continent), World (facet) (Geographic)

Display Materials: marble; reconstructed

	reconstruction (process ) [300053744]
	.......(Activities Facet, Processes and Techniques (hierarchy name), <processes and techniques by specific type>, <additive and joining processes and techniques>, assembling (additive and joining process), construction (assembling), <construction by function>)

	marble (rock) [300011443]
	.......(Materials Facet, Materials (hierarchy name), materials (substances), <materials by composition>, inorganic material, rock (inorganic material), metamorphic rock)

Dimensions: 34.2 x 36.8 m

Cultures:

Anatolian (preferred)

Style/Period/Group/Movement:

	Hellenistic [300020101] (preferred,style)
	.....(Styles and Periods Facet, Styles and Periods (hierarchy name), <styles| periods| and cultures by region>, Early Western World, Mediterranean (Early Western World), Aegean, Aegean periods, Ancient Greek (culture or style))

General Subject:

religion and mythology (preferred)

structures (isness)

Specific Subjects:

	altar (religious fixture) [300003725]
	.....(Objects Facet, Components (hierarchy name), components (objects parts), <components by specific context>, architectural elements, <architectural elements by building type>, religious building fixtures, <altars and altar components>) (AAT)

	Gigantomachy [901000101]
	.....((Greek narratives, Greek iconography, Legend, Religion, Mythology)) (ICON)

	monumental sculpture [300400887]
	.....(Objects Facet, Visual and Verbal Communication (hierarchy name), Visual Works (hierarchy name), visual works (works), <visual works by material or technique>, sculpture (visual works), <sculpture by form>) (AAT)

Related Works:

	depicted in .... Model of Ancient Pergamon [700000209]
	..........historical model; Yadegar Asisi (German architect, born 1955); 2010

List/Hierarchical Position:

..... Movable Works

.......... Movable Works by class: carvings and sculptures

Additional Notes:

German ..... Rekonstruktion der Westfront mit Friesplatten der Gigantomachie und originalen Architekturteilen; die übrigen Platten des Gigantomachiefrieses an den gegenüberliegenden Saalwänden; im Saal über der Freitreppe Aufstellung des Telephosfrieses und Architekturproben vom Opferaltar; rechts neben der Altarfront und im Gang unter dem Altar Akroterfiguren (Götter, Pferde und Greif). Dokumentation zur Friesrestaurierung und Forschungsgeschichte im Gang unter der rekonstruierten Altarfront. Der Pergamonaltar wurde während der Regierungszeit des Königs Eumenes II. (197 - 156 v.Chr.) errichtet und gehört zu den berühmtesten Monumenten der hellenistischen Kunst. Er erhebt sich über einer 36,80 m breiten und 34,20 m tiefen Grundfläche mit fünf Stufen, einem niedrigen Sockel und einem Unterbau, der mit einem 2,30 m hohen und 110 m langen Fries dekoriert war. Der Fries stellt den mythischen Kampf der Götter und Giganten dar, ein in der griechischen Kunst weit verbreitetes Thema.

Sources and Contributors:
Pergamon Altar	........ [VP]
	........ Kunze, The Pergamon Altar (1991)
Pergamon Great Altar	........ [VP]
	........ Grove Art Online (2008-)
Great Altar at Pergamum	........ [VP]
	........ Encyclopedia Britannica Online (2002-)
Der Große Altar von Pergamon	........ [IfM-SMB-PK,VP]
	........ Staatliche Museen zu Berlin database (2000-)
Pergamon-Altar	........ [VP]
	........ Muüller, Der Pergamon-Altar (1973)
Altare di Pergamo	........ [VP]
	........ Fondazione Memmo, Altare di Pergamo (1996) title
Grand autel de Pergame	........ [VP]
	........ Queyrel, Interpretation de la frise de la Gigantomachie (2007)

Subject: ....... [VP]

Note:
English	..... [VP]
	..... Encyclopedia Britannica Online (2002-)
German	..... [IfM-SMB-PK,VP]
	..... Staatliche Museen zu Berlin database (2000-)