ID: 700000158	Record Type: Built Work

Pantheon (temple (building); unknown Ancient Roman, for the Emperor Hadrian (Roman empero...; begun in 27 BCE, completely re...)

Note: The Pantheon was dedicated to the seven planetary gods in 128 CE. It was consecrated as a church in the early seventh century. It is the major surviving example of Roman concrete vaulted architecture. It is composed of a domed rotunda attached to a columned entrance portico. Now free-standing, it was originally the focal point of a long, porticoed forecourt.

Titles:

Pantheon (preferred,C,U,undetermined,U,U)

Santa Maria ad Martyres (C,U,FO,undetermined,U,U)

Santa Maria Rotunda (C,U,FO,undetermined,U,U)

Catalog Level: item

Work Types:

temple (building) [300007595] (preferred)

..... (Objects Facet, Built Environment (Hierarchy Name), Single Built Works (Hierarchy Name), <single built works (Built Environment)>, <single built works by specific type>, <single built works by function>, ceremonial structures, <religious structures>, religious buildings)

rotunda (building) [300004842]

..... (Objects Facet, Built Environment (Hierarchy Name), Single Built Works (Hierarchy Name), <single built works (Built Environment)>, <single built works by specific type>, <single built works by form>, <single built works by form: massing or shape>)

church (building) [300007466]

..... (Objects Facet, Built Environment (Hierarchy Name), Single Built Works (Hierarchy Name), <single built works (Built Environment)>, <single built works by specific type>, <single built works by function>, ceremonial structures, <religious structures>, religious buildings)

Classifications:

architecture (preferred)

Roman art

Creation Date: begun in 27 BCE, completely rebuilt 118/119-125/128

Creator Display:

unknown Ancient Roman, for the Emperor Hadrian (Roman emperor and patron, 76 CE-138 CE, ruled 117-138) [preferred,VP]

patron Hadrian, Emperor of Rome (Roman emperor, architect, and patron, 76-138 CE) [500022200]

architect unknown Ancient Roman (Ancient Roman cultural designation) [500202843]

Locations:

Roma [7000874] Roma province (province), Lazio (region), Italy (nation), Europe (continent), World (facet) (Geographic)

Display Materials: constructed of stone, brick, concrete, and aggregate material; the drum is strengthened by huge brick arches and piers set above one another inside the walls

	concrete [300010737]
	.......(Materials Facet, Materials (Hierarchy Name), materials (matter), <materials by composition>, inorganic material)

	stone (rock) [300011176]
	.......(Materials Facet, Materials (Hierarchy Name), materials (matter), <materials by composition>, inorganic material, rock, <rock by form>)

	brick (clay product) [300010463]
	.......(Materials Facet, Materials (Hierarchy Name), materials (matter), <materials by composition>, inorganic material, clay, <clay products>)

	aggregate [300014704]
	.......(Materials Facet, Materials (Hierarchy Name), materials (matter), <materials by function>, additive (material))

	rotundas (buildings) [300004842]
	.......(Objects Facet, Built Environment (Hierarchy Name), Single Built Works (Hierarchy Name), <single built works (Built Environment)>, <single built works by specific type>, <single built works by form>, <single built works by form: massing or shape>)

Dimensions: dome: 43 m (interior diameter and height) (141 feet); oculus: 8.9 m (diameter) (29 feet 2 inches)

Cultures:

Roman (preferred)

General Subject:

architecture (preferred )

religion and mythology

Specific Subjects:

	worship [300056005]
	.....(Associated Concepts Facet, Associated Concepts, <religions and religious concepts>, <religious concepts>) (AAT)

	Planetary Gods [1000079]
	.....((general Religion/Mythology concepts, Religion/Mythology)) (ICON)

	Queen of Martyrs [1000080]
	.....((Life of the Virgin Mary, New Testament, Christian iconography, Religion/Mythology)) (ICON)

Related Works:

	depicted in .... Perspective Cutaway of the Pantheon, Viewed from the Northwest [700000165]
	..........(preparatory drawing; Giovanni Antonio Dosio (Italian, 1533-after 1609); 1565/1568; Gabinetto disegni e stampe degli Uffizi (Florence, Firenze province, Tuscany, Italy))

List/Hierarchical Position:

..... Top of the CONA hierarchy

.......... Built Work

Sources and Contributors:
Pantheon	........ [VP]
	........ CDWA online (1995-)
	........ Robertson, Handbook of Greek and Roman Architecture (1929)
Santa Maria ad Martyres	........ [VP]
	........ CDWA online (1995-)
	........ Robertson, Handbook of Greek and Roman Architecture (1929)
Santa Maria Rotunda	........ [VP]
	........ CDWA online (1995-)
	........ Robertson, Handbook of Greek and Roman Architecture (1929)

Subject: ....... [VP]

Note:
English	..... [VP]
	..... Boethius and Ward-Perkins, Etruscan and Roman Architecture (1970)
	..... CDWA online (1995-)
	..... Sear, Roman Architecture (1983) 170 ff.